妊娠期冠状病毒感染与母婴健康研究进展

目前全球范围内正流行新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）,而其强烈的传播性已引发重大公共卫生危机。新型冠状病毒与严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）冠状病毒、中东呼吸综合征（MERS）冠状病毒存在高度病原同源性,同为β属冠状病毒。由于孕妇群体在生理和心理上存在一定脆弱性,为疫情流行期间的易感人群和高危人群,本文将对目前所报道的孕产妇罹患SARS、MERS、COVID-19对母婴健康影响进行文献综述,旨在为COVID-19流行中孕妇健康管理与防控提供依据。     

精子DNA完整性对男性生育力的补充预测价值

目的探究精子DNA完整性检测相对传统的精液常规在男性生育力评价中的辅助预估价值。 方法采集收集2017年4月至10月共1076例不育男性精液标本,男性患者来源于安徽医科大学第一附属医院妇产科,每份标本分成2份,分别行精液常规及精子DNA完整性检测,根据精子DNA碎片指数（DFI）分为精子DNA完整性良好组（DFI≥30%）、完整性一般组（15%6/ml）及少精症（<15×10⁶/ml）,按照精子前向活动率分为正常（≥32%）及弱精子症（<32%）,采用χ²检验分析不同精子DNA完整性组之间的年龄、浓度和前向活动率的差异,采用Pearson相关分析分析患者年龄、精子浓度及前向活动率分别与精子DFI的相关性。 结果不同精子DNA完整性组间,精子浓度正常与少精症水平差异具有统计学意义（χ²=96.82,P<0.001）、活力正常与弱精子症水平差异均具有统计学意义（χ²=2.06,P<0.001）。年龄与DFI成正相关（r=0.154,P<0.001）,精子浓度及前向活动率与DFI成负相关（r=-0.231,P<0.001;r=-0.564,P<0.001）。 结论精子DFI与精子浓度及活动率呈负相关,与年龄呈正相关,精子DNA完整性检测一定程度上可以弥补精液常规参数分析在评价男性生育能力上的不足,具有重要参考价值。     

Estimated Prevalence and Demographic Correlates of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Among Gay Men in the United States

BackgroundCompulsive sexual behavior (CSB) is a clinical syndrome that causes significant distress and impairment for many individuals in the United States. Gay men are thought to have a higher prevalence of CSB, and it is associated with many relevant health outcomes including HIV risk behavior.AimTo estimate the prevalence and examine demographic correlates of CSB among gay men in the United States.MethodsA U.S. national probability sample of 227 gay-identified men were collected as part of the 2015 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior (NSSHB).OutcomesParticipants completed the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory (CSBI-13) and demographic measures.ResultsEighteen participants (7.93%) scored above the CSBI-13 clinical cut point, indicating they would likely meet criteria for clinically significant compulsive sexual behavior. To assess demographic correlates of CSB, demographic variables were entered into a logistic regression. Results of the logistic regression indicated that participant age, education, and religious affiliation were significant predictors of CSB status. Individuals scoring above the cut point were younger on average (M = 39.17; SD = 14.84) than those scoring below the cut point (M = 47.52; SD = 14.62; P = .02). Odds of scoring above the cut point were about six times greater for religiously affiliated participants compared to non-religiously affiliated participants (P = .005), and four times greater for those who had attended college compared to those who had not (P = .03).Clinical ImplicationsThese results indicate the prevalence of CSB in gay men is more modest than previously estimated, and is similar to the general population prevalence estimated in a previous study. The strongest predictor of CSB in this sample was religious affiliation, which underscores the importance of evaluating the role of religiosity in the etiology and/or identification of this clinical syndrome.Strengths and LimitationsThese findings are strengthened by the national probability sampling methodology and the use of the empirically validated CSBI-13 cut point. However, this sample was also older and had higher income and educational attainment than the larger population of gay men in the U.S.ConclusionThese results indicate gay men may have a CSB prevalence rate similar to the general population, which contradicts previous research suggesting they are at greater risk for CSB. Gleason N, Finotelli I, Miner MH, et al. Estimated Prevalence and Demographic Correlates of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Among Gay Men in the United States. J Sex Med 2021;18:1545–1554.